Understanding Function and Diaphragmatic Disorders

 

The diaphragm is an organ that separates the abdominal cavity from the chest cavity. To get the maximum amount of oxygen when inhaling, the body will use respiratory muscles including the diaphragm.

The diaphragm is the main muscle used in the process of pulling and exhaling. The diaphragm is located below the chest cavity and is shaped like a muscular dome. This body organ separates the heart and lungs from the abdominal organs (stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver). The body depends on the contractions and movements of the diaphragm so that breathing can function normally.

Understanding Function and Diaphragmatic Disorders

Diaphragm function

When breathing in, muscles - the respiratory muscles in the chest cavity expand and the diaphragm will contract flatter. This allows air or oxygen to move into the lungs because the chest cavity pressure drops suddenly. Whereas when exhaling, the diaphragm will loosen to make the size of the lungs shrink. The air pressure in the chest cavity increases and air flows out.

Besides being useful in respiratory function, the diaphragm also has several other functions. The diaphragm helps when we vomit, urinate, and defecate. How to increase the pressure of the abdominal cavity. The diaphragm also prevents gastroesophageal reflux (rising stomach acid into the esophagus) by maintaining pressure on the esophagus.

Do you know that good breathing is by developing the diaphragm, not the chest? Breathing with the diaphragm helps the lungs to develop larger, so they can enter more air. Breathing with the diaphragm can be trained by lying down. How, lie flat on your back and place one hand on the stomach and the other hand on the chest.

When you inhale, push your stomach up as far as possible. You can feel your hands moving upward while your hands are not moving. And when removing residual air, push your abdomen down until you feel if your abdomen moves down.

Disorders that occur in the diaphragm

Same as Other body organs, the diaphragm can also experience problems, some of which are:

  • Hernias hiatus

Hiatus hernias occur when the abdominal organs penetrate into the chest cavity through a hole in the diaphragm. This disease is more often experienced by women, obese people, and those aged over 50 years. The cause of the hiatus hernia is unknown, but is thought to be due to the weakening of the diaphragm with increasing age, poor development of the diaphragm while in the womb, increased pressure on the abdomen, pregnancy, frequent coughing, or straining during bowel movements.

  • Hernia default diaphragm

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia or c Ongenital d iaphragmatic h ernia (CDH) occurs when the diaphragm is not fully formed since in the womb and causes part of the stomach to protrude toward the chest cavity. One of the organs in the stomach will move to the chest and occupy the space where the lungs should be.

As a result, the lungs, heart, kidneys, and digestive system babies cannot develop properly. About 4 in 10,000 newborns suffer from CDH. The long-term effects of CDH may not exist at all, but children with CDH can have chronic lung problems at an early age.

  • Paralyzed diaphragm

When nerve damage regulates the respiratory muscles, including the diaphragm, diaphragm paralysis occurs. Some conditions that can cause diaphragmatic paralysis are Guillain-Barré syndrome and spinal cord injury. This disorder can cause disruption of the respiratory process and can even cause the sufferer to experience respiratory failure. This disorder belongs to the medical emergency condition and needs to be treated as soon as possible.

Diaphragmatic abnormalities detected early, can be treated before causing complications. If there are signs that lead to paralysis of the diaphragm, such as breathlessness or tightness that can be followed by nausea or vomiting, and easily tired when on the move, you should immediately check your condition to the doctor, because it can endanger lives.

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